In Torah interpretation

In the weekly lesson, we studied under the sign of a discussion about some say and some say that the Shulchan Aruch brings about the issue of cooking after roasting, for example, this leads to a dispute between Rabbi Ben Zion Abba Shaul and Rabbi Ovadia Yosef regarding preparing black coffee on Shabbat, whether in a second vessel or even by infusing it from the kettle, it seems to me that the opinion of the fear-mongers is stricter. Due to the lack of vessels, it is a bit difficult for me to formulate the question.
In fact, there is a situation here where two Jews ascend to heaven, one is the opinion of the fear-mongers and the other is the Shulchan Arba, according to which if you make black coffee by brewing from the first vessel, you are condemned to be cut off and stoned, and the second opinion is that the humble will drink and be satisfied.
How can one Torah and two Jews do otherwise? How can God judge in heaven? (I know I’m not formulating the question well enough due to a lack of knowledge and data on the subject.)
And another question: How should one do it? After all, there is a doubt here about the Torah’s prohibition of making coffee like this, on the other hand, if someone believes that it is permitted, then it is permitted. What is the correct “leadership”? Should one adopt the stricter opinion when there is a doubt about the Torah’s prohibition? And especially when there is such a disagreement among the rabbis? Or if it is permitted, then it is permitted without fear and in heaven they will not “sue” me.
Thank you Rabbi.