The Rabbi’s Method Regarding Language Change

In the Rabbi’s book “Two Carts and a Hot Air Balloon,” the Rabbi spoke in 156-160 about the change in language style and therefore the inability to discuss previous generations because they do not speak the same language. This did not really sit well with the Rabbi’s thread at https://mikyab.net/%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%97%D7%A1-%D7%9C%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%94/
Therefore, I would be happy if the Rabbi could refer me to his article on the subject or focus on the following questions:

1. To what extent is the change in halachah significant? One cannot disagree about the Tan’am and Amoraim, but is this also true about the Rishonim, Acharonim, etc.?
2. If there is a change in language and the use of formal means, then does our generation and other generations (first and last) have the same attitude towards the interpretation of the Gemara? We both do not speak the language of the Gemara, so we both have the same “chance” to truly understand the text.
3. How does this work out if the rabbi’s understanding is not to dispute the Shulchan Arbiter’s ruling and why it was not accepted?
4. What is the difference between adapting the text to a certain understanding, as the Toss does, and dividing on the Gemara itself (which one can argue that in some places he actually disagrees on the Gemara. We see this mainly in tractate 77 on the attitude towards the Gentiles, as in Toss 77, page 13, page 145, Abaye said (it should be said) and also page 11, page 1 of Toss Okrin)

 
Hope this isn’t too many questions.