Definition of “general” and “individual”

שו”ת › Category: Talmudic study › Definition of “general” and “individual”

asked 8 years ago

Peace be upon Rabbi Michi

I wanted to ask about the subject of “general and particular” in the dimensions required by the Torah.
We learned in Kiddushin 24b:
“For he will strike” the rule “tooth and eye” detail – the rule and detail are not in the general except what is in the particular: tooth and eye are not in the hands of the latter. “To seek him, he will send him” repeated and included
We were unable to understand how the Gemara teaches that “if he strikes” or “if he sends us” is a rule – after all, this is a sentence that has the predicate – that a man should strike the eye of his servant. Apparently, there is only an exception here, otherwise it would be possible to generalize every verb as a “rule” –
“Remember the Sabbath” – a special Sabbath day.
thanks

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מיכי Staff answered 8 years ago

In Rashi and in Shita, it is not known who there interpreted that it says “to seek, he will send” instead of “to seek, he is.” The additional verb comes to include many shilouhim. And the latter have made it difficult (see, for example, the bones of Joseph) that supposedly these words of Rashi are applied to the continuation that has many shilouhim and not here. But in my opinion, they are mistaken, and Rashi is indeed aiming here. And what was difficult for him is precisely your question. Therefore, he writes that the many shilouhim come to teach that there is a rule here at the end (it is true that it is not many shilouhim, but the shilouhim is many. And this is the difference between the two sermons: do they have many shilouhim or do they have many last details and turn it into a rule). There is a kind of if here that is not a matter, since this multiplication is not understood (according to the sermon here. The sermon later does indeed find a different solution for this, and then they really do not require any particulars at all). Therefore, they make it a rule for the structure before it. Research note from Kofia: It seems to me that the ancients were strict about the rule and detail according to the case (such as cattle and sheep, wine and strong drink, and whatever your soul desires, on the redemption of the second tithe), but in later generations they expanded these sermons and introduced more indirect types of rules. Perhaps these indirect sermons only refer to the reference, and the Tzlaa.

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אלון replied 8 years ago

Shalom Rabbi,
Can you give examples from the Gemara for the indirect rules you mentioned in the last paragraph?

Thank you.

מיכי Staff replied 8 years ago

An example of this was given right here.

חגי replied 8 years ago

Maybe the Rabbi remembers more examples of indirect rules?

מיכי Staff replied 8 years ago

I think most of the examples are like this. Just search for sermons in general and in detail and you will see immediately. For example, Sukkah n ע”b, Sota mu ע”a, Nazir la ע”a and more.

יהודה replied 5 years ago

Is there a book that compiles all the cases of the particular and the general, the general and the particular, the general and the particular and the general in the Torah, including of course a study of them with citations and commentaries?

מיכי Staff replied 5 years ago

Not familiar. The second book in our Talmudic Logic series deals with sermons in general and in particular, their development and logic. We go over several issues, but not all of them.

רפי replied 4 years ago

Question about general and particular:
General and particular - there is nothing in the general except what is in the particular. If so, why did the Torah write the general? It would have written only the particular

מיכי Staff replied 4 years ago

The ancients on the creation of the standards explain this. If only the individual were written, we would make a parent structure and expand for different cases. General and particular means that one should reduce more. For a more precise description of the difference (to what extent one expands in the parent structure and the general and particular measures, while general and particular also have some expansion), see my book on General and Particular (the second book in the Talmudic Logic series).