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God as an authoritative figure

שו”תCategory: faithGod as an authoritative figure
asked 4 years ago

Someone comes and asks you, “I believe in God, but why obey His commandments and laws?!” You answer, “If you ask, it means you don’t understand what it means to believe. Believing in God means believing in a being who has the authority to make things obeyed.” A difficult question indeed.
However, perhaps we can advise you like this:
God has the authority to define situations in which I must sit in the Sukkah, but it still imposes on me a duty of behavior. In other words, the deontic term “must” can be interpreted in two ways: either as a definitional rule (which defines states of affairs in the world) or as a behavior rule (which imposes on the recipient a duty to do something).
For example, a minor may be “owed money” (if he stole or borrowed, for example), but this obligation does not impose any duty of conduct on him (to the best of my knowledge).
 
So the same can be said about God. Although he has the authority to define situations, how does he have the authority to impose a duty of behavior on me?


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מיכי Staff answered 4 years ago
In a column about Euthyphro, I explained that the situation is exactly the opposite: the definition of good and evil, forbidden and permitted, is imposed on him. Only the obligation to act in this way is by virtue of his authority. But beyond that, I don’t understand the source of your division. Where does the authority to define come from and why we don’t learn the authority to oblige from the same source.

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E1 replied 4 years ago

For example: a minor broke my tool. The judge will say "The minor does in reality owe you money (he defines here a situation in which the minor owes money for damage, to me) but what can you do, he is a minor, you cannot force him to pay back (the judge cannot impose any behavior on the minor – because he is a minor)".
We will say the same thing about God. He can define situations, but perhaps for x or y reason he cannot impose a behavior obligation on us (we are human beings, we have instincts, we are urgent, life is short, etc., etc., etc.)

EA replied 4 years ago

EA*

מיכי replied 4 years ago

I didn't say that I don't see a difference between a definition and an obligation. After all, I myself dedicated a column to it (Euthyphro). I asked why claim that one has authority and the other doesn't? What else did I write there in the column that the definition is forced upon him and does not stem from his authority. Only the obligation stems from it.

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