Noah’s son

Your two questions contradict each other. In question A, you assume that he was killed because of the severity of the act, and in question B, you ask how it is different from a Jew. It assumes that it is not so serious and that a Jew is not killed for it. So why is a Gentile killed? Because his life is worth less (it is easier to kill him). The view of the Sages (which in my opinion is only relevant to the Gentiles of their time, as I have written more than once) is that there is no point in preserving the life of a Gentile if he does not fulfill his fundamental duties. With a Jew, there is a chance that he will repent (he will cut off the non-Jew by returning the stolen property) and therefore he is not killed for every offense. In other words, the difference is not in the severity of the offense but in the severity of the punishment. The Sages believe that killing a Gentile is not so serious.
Chazal did not kill any gentiles, and Aharon Shemesh claimed that no Jews were killed either (he claimed that death laws were never used. These are laws that were formulated after death laws were no longer used in practice. I am not inclined to agree with this). They established fundamental determinations but did not implement them. Some would say that such determinations were not intended to be implemented, and it is easy to establish them from the philosopher’s chair. If they had to implement them, their hand would be less light on the trigger. It is certainly possible that this is true. It is like the Haredim today who are very strict about many things, and they are counting on the fact that there are “genitives” here who will do the work for them (secular and religious-national). If the responsibility were on them, they would not be strict (for example, if there were many Haredi farmers, and certainly if they were all Haredi, a sales permit would be easily found). Only now have Gafni and the rest of the gang slandered Bennett for desecrating the Sabbath during the hunt for the terrorists who escaped from prison. If there were a Haredi prime minister He would have done the exact same thing, and that’s a good thing.