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On skepticism

שו”תOn skepticism
asked 1 year ago

Hello Rabbi Michi. I would love to know what you think about the following words by the 19th-century psychologist and philosopher William James, from his essay “The Will to Believe” (1896):

“Skepticism, then, is not the avoidance of choice; it is the choice of a certain kind of risk. It is better to risk the loss of truth than the chance of error—this is the precise position of the rejector of faith. He gambles just as actively as the believer; he bets on all other horses except the hypothesis of faith, just as the believer bets on the hypothesis of faith against all other horses. He who preaches to us that skepticism is our duty until ‘sufficient evidence’ for religion is found is like one who tells us, in the face of the hypothesis of faith, that it is wiser and better to yield to our fear that it is wrong than to yield to our hope that it may be right. This is not reason opposed to all emotions, then; it is only reason dominated by one emotion alone. And what, then, justifies this emotion’s claim to supreme wisdom? Of the various deceptions, what proof is there that the deception arising from hope is worse than the deception arising from fear?”


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מיכי Staff answered 1 year ago
He compares the skeptic to the believer and sees both as gambles. This is a mistake, of course. The believer is not gambling, but rather reaches a conclusion (even if uncertain). The skeptic who has no position may be gambling. But even there, we must discuss what is right to gamble in his situation. This brings us to Pascal’s wager, and I have already written my opinion on it on the website (search here). In fact, if he himself believes out of a gamble, he doesn’t really believe.

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גלעד replied 1 year ago

The stakes in James' words are not about the question of which assumptions and intuitions should be relied upon in the decision-making process?

mikyab123 replied 1 year ago

I'm writing a column about it now.

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