Questions and source literature about electricity on Shabbat

To Rabbi Michael, Shalom Rav,
I heard a lesson from the rabbi about electricity on Shabbat, which mainly talked about the work of a builder. I wanted to ask more about electricity on Shabbat – I would be happy to have the sources of the main poskim who dealt with the field – whether it should be prohibited and why – the Chazon Ish, Rabbi Kook and perhaps others. I want to clarify the halakha from its earliest sources. (And if it is necessary to say something about it for the sake of a discussion in the forum, it is clear that the use of electricity began about 300 years after the Shulchan Aruch and it is not at all clear to me that it is prohibited. (And there is also a Conservative tradition that permits it.))
I also want to ask-
Regarding arson – the prohibition in the Torah and it seems to me that the language of Chazal is about extinguishing with fire, “You shall not kindle fire,” and the work of an arsonist. And I wonder where Rav Kook found the prohibition of lighting a fire? There is a prohibition to kindle, that is, to destroy matter by fire. “And to burn the evil from among you” is a matter of destruction, and likewise “a man who is burned” is a person who is missing. And the language “You shall not kindle fire” is a prohibition to specifically destroy with fire. Like “to strike a severe blow” which is to strike by a severe blow. And this is a matter in which the extinguishing is not something other than fire but rather its essence, and therefore there is no need to write “in” fire.
And I wonder what is consumed by electricity? And are electrons that move considered to be annihilation? And are bacteria that die when stepped on the floor considered to be killing on Shabbat? And I really don’t understand this physically. And as far as I know, the fire at the electric company is budgeted in advance, and we are not afraid of the bills that will come later, such as we are not afraid of a water bill that is recorded for use on Shabbat. Who does not intend and does not wish for it.
And regarding building, I saw it emphasized in the Gemara in Tractate Shabbat that it is as if it were done in the Temple. In the discussion, what is “anything” that is prohibited in building? And how do we prohibit electricity?
Where should the Rabbi begin to research the subject? What are the sources that inform the discussion in the various poskim? (I remember that the Rabbi in the above lesson cited the Rambam on Megven.)
And regarding Shabbat, I don’t understand – what if I study Torah from the Internet on Shabbat?
(In any case, in my opinion, it is forbidden to write something sustainable on a computer or to mark a sustainable sign, or to turn off the light so as not to waste electricity – who plans from Shabbat to Holi for the purpose of erasure and intends and blesses it, and the like, not everything is permitted.)
Best wishes and much appreciation,
Ofir