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Refutation of the ontological argument even when all the basic assumptions are accepted

שו”תCategory: faithRefutation of the ontological argument even when all the basic assumptions are accepted
asked 4 years ago

Hello, I heard your lecture on the ontological argument in which you detail its advantage if we accept that existence is part of the parameters of perfection. But there is a flaw here. If this is accepted, then one of the perfections is certainly also the inability to deny the perfection (or the existence or the degree of truth) of that “being” that possesses all perfections. In other words, if you can conceive of something that you can deny its existence (or the perfection of its perfections or the truth in it in your consciousness), it is certainly not the being that possesses all perfections, and therefore any being that you can deny is not the being that Anselm is talking about. The point is that then it turns out that there is really nothing in the sentence. Because you can always deny and then it will never be the correct being, and then it turns out that either you will find that being that cannot be denied in your consciousness and it will be the correct being (and then you will believe it) or you will not and you will remain skeptical. That is, it gives the possibility that if you find God by other means, then he will indeed fit the definition of himself, and if you don’t find him, then you should continue searching because maybe you will find him. And here there is another problem, because perhaps the ability to immediately discern the truth of that being without any ability to deny it is supposed to be one of the perfections, since it is greater than someone who can theoretically deny the extent of his truth (or his existence). Therefore, if you don’t believe from the first second, the sentence is refuted and there is no such “being” and if you accept it and from your point of view there is indeed an “being” that can never be denied in your knowledge – it will force you to assume that if someone else disbelieves, he is lying or that that “being” is only in your knowledge, because if he were indeed also in reality, it would also apply to other people.


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מיכי Staff answered 4 years ago
You are making an assumption that I don’t know where it stems from. To move on from this, even if one is indeed unable to deny, this does not contradict the fact that there are many fools who succeed anyway. This says something about them and not about God. And beyond that, even if someone denies, after reading the evidence, they will be able to see that there is an internal contradiction in their teaching, and the denial is fundamentally wrong. Your last claim, as if it is possible to deny it, then there may be a greater one (such a thing is not second to denying it), is also incorrect. Perhaps it is inconceivable that there is one?

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אוהד ג replied 4 years ago

Good week. The answer you gave is a bit unfair (with all due respect). What is more basic within the definition of “greatest” – that it also exists in the real world or that it is so great that it cannot be denied that it is the greatest? Pain, for example, is a pretty absolute truth in our world because if you are fair you will never deny it and even if there is a true skeptic who does, he still will not agree to put his skepticism to the test by someone smashing a hammer on his finger to prove that there is no pain. In other words, the feeling of pain is a truth that is very, very difficult to deny and therefore very real (so real that no one would want to put themselves to a test of doubt about it and in addition it can be proven even to someone who denies and is not willing to put themselves to any test – like a skeptic, an extreme fundamentalist or anyone else). Therefore, it seems to me that one of the parameters for an absolute truth is that it cannot be denied in any way because how is it possible that there are truths that are not “absolute truth” That their very existence “obliges” you to believe in them more than that absolute truth, and what, if anything, is the advantage of that absolute truth? Incidentally, the fact that people can be wrong or that there are fools who manage to deny the ”existence” is irrelevant because it is contradictory - if the ”existence” were real enough (absolute truth, absolute existence, etc.) they would not have *the* possibility of denying them (as in the example I gave). Then it also turns out that the ”existence” and the ”absolute truth” are different things, and this is also a contradiction in terms. And of course, you can claim concealment (among us) or Maya (among the Indians) and any other claim to settle this, but then you are already back to “religious” arguments and not relying on the ontological proof.

Regarding the second part: It is also impossible to conceive of the greatest "there is" (!) We can only conceive of the possibility of conceiving such a thing. After all, for us, infinity is a great thing that continues to grow without end, even though we understand that this is not its meaning. We cannot grasp an infinite idea in the mind, only to assume that it can exist. In other words, I only say with my mouth that I can conceive of such a thing, but in practice I have no idea of any detail of it because it is too big for me to understand what it means to "be the greatest that cannot be greater than". Therefore, here too, if I conceived that there is a "there is" so great that its greatness or truth cannot be denied, then it is possible to conceive of it.

מיכי Staff replied 4 years ago

I don't know what's unfair. Your assumption is completely baseless in my opinion. That's all.

הפוסק האחרון replied 4 years ago

The ontological proof proves that the one who thinks about it is more perfect than God, for he created God in the vanity of his thought. This fact, this basic premise, does not need clarification. It is clear beyond all doubt to the prover of the proof and to its believers.

אוהד ג replied 4 years ago

“It is also impossible to conceive of the greatest “there is”(!) It is only possible to conceive that it is conceivable that there is such a thing.” This is not an assumption, it is a fact.
And what is the difference between your answer and the fundamentalism or skepticism that you oppose? After all, I explained my position and you replied without reasoning.

אפ replied 4 years ago

Rabbi, why can't the atheist simply say, "Now that I understand that existence in reality is a necessary addition to God's perfection, I can't imagine such a thing." And then the sentence doesn't work?

מיכי Staff replied 4 years ago

He certainly can say. When the premises are denied, the conclusion can certainly be rejected. But it is not clear whether he is right. Even if he does not accept the existence of a necessary being, I do not see what has changed in the matter that he can conceive of it. This is the sting in Anselm's argument. He is not talking about the atheist's beliefs but about definitions, and there is no reason to think that after the argument the definition has become empty.

אוהד ג replied 4 years ago

That is, the atheist can actually bring it to mind, and therefore by definition he is obligated even if he says it orally, and therefore he is not truly an atheist (this is what is meant by revealing to him the diamond in the vault that you mention in your lessons). But what does it really mean to “bring it to mind”? We bring to mind something that we do not understand and do not know what it really contains or does not contain (after all, you really have no thought or perception at all) – So what is the connection between perfection (or greatness) according to my definition and according to someone else's definition, and anyway how do I even know how to define for myself what it includes – After all, just as you agreed, if it included in practice that one of the perfections is also the inability to deny perfection in others – that would nullify the sentence. I understood that you do not accept at all that it includes this – but how can one decide? Self-study?

מיכי Staff replied 4 years ago

We understand and know, but we don't always understand the consequences. Someone who knows the axioms of geometry but doesn't know that the Pythagorean theorem follows from them, do you think he doesn't really know them? I disagree.

אוהד ג replied 4 years ago

He knows – it's true. But it's not the Pythagorean theorem – here one of the axioms is not clear in practice, only in theory. You say that you understand the *meaning* of perfection in all senses/absolute truth/the greatest and what does that mean? I'm talking about understanding the thing you're talking about – understanding the ”existence” and what it includes, not the possibility of estimating that there could be an existence with such or such sublime parameters. How can one understand what an idea of perfection is that there is no greater? Or are you claiming that the mere fact that someone says that he “can conceive that there exists a being that is the greatest/most complete” in theory already obliges him to fulfill what that perfection or magnitude includes in himself – and in any case it obliges him even if he doesn't know the details because of the very initial admission that he himself can conceive of such a thing?

מיכי Staff replied 4 years ago

I see no point in continuing. I explained what I had to explain. We are repeating ourselves.

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