Q&A: Jewish Law as a Human Phenomenon
Jewish Law as a Human Phenomenon
Question
Rabbi, this whole issue of Jewish law and all the phenomenological problems in it gives me trouble—like the problem of interpreting the Torah by the Sages: who says the truth is with them? (I understand the argument of “do not deviate,” but who says that “do not deviate” means you have to listen to the leading sages of that generation? They themselves determined that this is the command, and who says maybe the Torah’s intention is different, in which case this whole phenomenon seemingly falls apart.) And also the issue of the chain of transmission—how did it actually work? Is what Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi wrote also what Moses commanded, or is it something else? And of course there is also the problem of the Talmud: what was its original purpose—to explain Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi’s words, or actually to adapt the Torah to their own time? I really want to serve God; I just need to get these questions off me first. In short, I’m really confused. I’d really appreciate it if you could point me to specific articles that could help me, and so on.
In any case, I really wanted to thank you and tell you that you truly do holy work, and this whole mechanism that you built to help people with all kinds of problems is really not something to be taken for granted at all, and I truly thank you from the bottom of my heart.
Answer
I’m not sure I understood the question. Are you claiming that the authority of the Sages is also their own invention? I was asked about this in the past, and I argued that it follows from reason. You can’t leave a normative system without authority. Our situation today is like that (there is no Sanhedrin and no ordained sages), and you can see where that leads. By the way, in every system there is a top authority that determines its own powers (the Knesset, the court). There’s no way to escape that.
Gladly.