Question

Hello Rabbi, I apologize in advance for the number of questions.
I saw in an old podcast that you said a modern person is someone who believes in progress, that society has developed, and you said something like: even a person a thousand years ago who believed in progress would be called modern. I’m asking: as I understand it, a modern person is someone who accepts modernity and its values. Am I mistaken?
2) And I heard in another podcast you did that you said one reason there are no conservatives in academia is because they think conservatives are either stupid or evil. Could I suggest another theory from personality psychology? In the Big Five model it turns out that someone conservative tends to have a conscientious personality, while someone liberal tends to have openness to experience, and because of that they are more enlightened, creative, and intelligent. I think that could be a stronger explanation. (And the fact that the left is dominant in academia is true all over the world.) I also recommend that the Rabbi read a book by Thomas Sowell called Intellectuals and Society.
3) I heard the Rabbi say that you accuse secular people of religious coercion because they vote for politicians who let it happen, and I had trouble understanding what exactly the Rabbi wants them to do. After all, it’s pretty hard to start a new party and get past the high electoral threshold.
4) Is the randomness in evolution pseudo-randomness (meaning only a computational difficulty), or is it completely random? And why does the Rabbi keep advancing the physico-theological proof from complexity if the Rabbi said that it had fallen?
5) I thought of an argument for the existence of God. Could the Rabbi examine it? If our nature is deterministic, or at least mostly so, and we have an indication that every deterministic system has a creator, then apparently the universe has a creator.
6) What does the Rabbi propose in order to create a renaissance in Orthodoxy in general, and among the Haredim in particular, so that they would think critically and freely, pursue advanced degrees, become successful entrepreneurs in the economy, take part in creating literature and art, etc.?
Another one of the strongest arguments today against religion is from utility: that Haredi society is neglected, uneducated, poor, etc. I know this attack is aimed mainly at the Haredim, but even those who are formerly Religious Zionist are not in the same situation as secular people. (I know one can say that just because something is bad doesn’t mean it isn’t true.)
7) What does the Rabbi think about Conservative Judaism? In what are they right and in what are they mistaken? (Their quality of life and productivity for the economy, and their being less dogmatic, are much better than Orthodoxy.)
I am a Haredi young man who knows only a little algebra and a little geometry. What can the Rabbi recommend to me about how to begin learning mathematics and logic on my own from scratch?