Q&A: Torah Study — Breadth as Review, Not-Too-Soft Analysis, and the Ramchal’s Recommendation
Torah Study — Breadth as Review, Not-Too-Soft Analysis, and the Ramchal’s Recommendation
Question
Hello Rabbi,
1. If the Rabbi has time to take a look at the study and review method proposed by Rabbi Ze’ev Nathan (https://www.yeshiva.org.il/midrash/9) and share his opinion of it, I’d be glad to hear.
In my humble opinion, he presents here a logical and necessary approach for most people who would like to become great in Torah. On the one hand, learning analytically but somewhat gently, because that is the only way to cover a large number of tractates without being superficial; and on the other hand, almost obsessive review, because most people do not have a phenomenal memory and simply forget.
2. Recently I came across what the Ramchal wrote in the book The Way of Wisdom, about knowledge and the proper course of study for a Torah scholar:
“Student: You have greatly increased your kindness toward me by teaching me until now. Now please tell me what order I should adopt in my studies so that I may succeed.
Rabbi: What everyone who wishes to become wise in Israel must first know is the twenty-four books, together with their main commentaries. After that, the thirteen hermeneutical principles by which the Torah is expounded, together with all their explanations, for these are the ways of the Oral Torah. Afterward, he must know Talmudic study until he can understand every halakhah properly and know the give-and-take of questions and answers. He should know how to distinguish between evasive answers and true answers, between questions raised merely as a lead-in to an answer and strong, genuine questions. After he knows all this, it is fitting that he study the entire Talmud from beginning to end, understanding all the straightforward meanings of the passages properly. After that, he should study Maimonides’ Mishneh Torah from beginning to end with its commentators, in order to know the source of each and every law. Then he should study the Shulchan Arukh, and for every law in it that differs from Maimonides or adds to him, he should seek out its source in the Beit Yosef and understand its reasoning and basis. After that, he should study all the ancient midrashim completely. He should also study logic, rhetoric, and poetry until he knows them, and should be careful to learn them from books by authors who wrote concisely on these subjects. He should also study the fundamental principles of geometry, arithmetic, and astronomy until he knows them, and whatever else he needs from the other sciences and crafts he should study until he knows them. Then he should devote the main focus of all his analysis to divinity all the days of his life. However, he need not study all of the Talmud first, and only then begin Maimonides, and then the midrashim, and then the sciences; rather, he should divide his hours among these studies, while devoting more at first to those whose quantity is greater, until he completes them. After completing them, he can reduce the amount of time he gives them from his original habit, but he should still set fixed times for them so as not to forget them. As for the crafts and external sciences, once he knows them he may set them aside, but in order not to forget them he should review them when turning aside to the bathroom. And he should divide his hours so that the main focus of his analysis and effort will be in divinity, while not letting go of any other part of the Torah; rather, he should study something from them day by day out of love for Torah, and the Lord will give wisdom; from His mouth come knowledge and understanding. May the Lord bless you and keep you alive.”
End quote.
Following my reading of the trilogy on who counts as a great Torah scholar, these words became even more interesting. What does the Rabbi think of this list of the Ramchal?
As I prepare to enter yeshivah, I am very troubled by questions about how to acquire greatness in Torah. I would simply like to know how one should learn and know. It’s a shame to waste time…
Thank you
Answer
Hello.
I read these things a long time ago already. I do not think there is a universal method either for learning or for review (the author of Emek Yehoshua also proposes such review methods). If it suits you, do it. As a general rule, I strongly suggest that you not deviate from the yeshivah’s study program. At these initial stages, what matters mainly is skill and less so knowledge. Therefore it is important to understand the conceptual analysis, and less important to review the information you learned. You have the rest of your life to accumulate information.
The way to grow in Torah is to learn. And a person learns in the place and manner that his heart desires. Of course, if Rabbi Ze’ev Nathan’s approach suits you and it will not interfere with your regular learning in yeshivah, all the better. Blessings to you.
Discussion on Answer
Thank you!
I have no idea when a person can say about himself that he knows how to learn. I’ve been studying Talmud for a few years already (not yet in post-high-school yeshivah, but I have had the chance to study in-depth analysis from Torah scholars outside the regular framework of the yeshivah high school curriculum), but maybe that really is insignificant compared to the learning in yeshivah. We’ll live and see.
As for the character of in-depth analytical study, I really have no initial thought of departing from the yeshivah’s study program at the first stage, which will probably last quite a while (it’s clear to me this sounds a bit presumptuous, but I do plan to develop further later on, so I’m already thinking about it). Right now I’m mainly trying to find a way to remember what I learn…
Thanks again for the recommendations
Maybe one more comment. I generally suggest not forming methods before you’ve actually gotten into the matter. It’s not reasonable to set learning methods for yourself before you know how to learn (you said you’re about to enter yeshivah). After you enter serious study and understand what it is about and what speaks to you, only then will you be able to determine the learning methods that are right for you. Why limit yourself at stages when you are skilled to a program that was formed at stages when you were not skilled? That isn’t reasonable.