Answer

Hello,
I hope you are well, and that you’re making progress in your research.
Secularity is a very broad description. Under that umbrella there are many shades of population. Beyond that, of course, different women have different standards and sensitivities (some would see any obligation to cover part of their body in the street as an oppressive demand). So it is possible to find such attitudes in the secular public as well. In the religious public it probably exists more strongly (only now the story was published of that former Gur Hasidic woman who committed suicide).
None of this contradicts what you yourself said. This is not a question with one single correct answer and no other. Incidentally, I assume that in every kind of society or educational system there would be problematic outcomes, since there is no perfect education that suits all types of men and women. Society always imposes limits and constraints, and by nature that does not suit all its members.
Once a friend of mine told me—he was secular—that if the goal of the laws of modesty is to prevent forbidden acts, one should take the opposite path: general permissiveness, Scandinavian style. According to him, that creates fewer problems and fewer forbidden thoughts.
I told him that I’m not sure he is factually correct, because I have the feeling that permissiveness doesn’t extinguish the impulse but rather flattens it. It turns the act into something banal and drains it of content. I feel that this is the situation in an overly permissive society among us as well. It may be that in such a society the impulse still exists and the acts are done without inhibitions and without shame, but the charge that accompanies it is nourished by all those things, and therefore it is not really there to the same extent.
But beyond that, even if this were factually true, his premise is mistaken. The laws of modesty are not meant to extinguish the impulse or flatten it. It seems to me that they are better understood as channeling it. Freud already pointed out that the sexual drive, the libido, is very important to all our functioning (although his psychoanalysis seems to me like speculative fantasy, and has nothing to do with science). Extinguishing it is disastrous on many levels.