Answer

I think definitely yes.
First, the broader and more diverse your knowledge is, the better your intuition will be, in my opinion.
Beyond that, you can sharpen it by forming predictions based on intuition and then testing them. For example, in halakhic rulings, you can predict how Maimonides or the Shulchan Arukh would rule, and then check yourself afterward. The same applies to scientific, mathematical, or philosophical questions. Of course, in philosophical questions there is no authoritative answer, but when you read different treatments of the topic you gain additional perspectives, and then you can see whether your view changes or whether your initial intuition was sound.