What is defined as Torah study?

Hello Rabbi,
If I study physics to try to understand the electrical circuits on Shabbat, or if I study a language to better understand the Bible, is this defined as "studying Torah"? I have been asked about the blessing of the Torah before me, fulfilling my obligation to set times for Torah, studying these subjects at the expense of attending the Hesder track, etc. Are these perhaps mitzvah devices?
And what about a person who studies these subjects not necessarily for the purpose of studying Torah, but knows that it can help him in his future studies?
Alternatively, is, for example, studying passages from the Gemara that discuss medical advice that many today would say is not factually correct "studying Torah"?
Of course, if you have already addressed this question, it is enough to send a link, and there is no need to answer again (in a short search I did not find a reference on the site, but it is certainly possible that I missed it)
thanks