Question

In Yoreh De’ah 243, Torah scholars are exempt from tax.
And the Rema wrote in סעיף 2: only if he is established in his generation as a Torah scholar, who knows how to discuss Torah give-and-take and understands on his own in most places in the Talmud and its commentaries, and in the rulings of the Geonim, and whose Torah study is his occupation, as explained there.
However, in the source of the law brought in the Beit Yosef: in the chapter Konem Yayin (62b), Rava said: it is permitted for a young scholar to say, “I do not pay tax.”
And simply speaking, “a young scholar” sounds like a young learned person, not someone who understands on his own in most places in the Talmud.