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Q&A: Speaking Falsehood in the Bedtime Shema

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This is an English translation (via GPT-5.4). Read the original Hebrew version.

Speaking Falsehood in the Bedtime Shema

Question

The book Or LaTzion writes that someone who is angry at his fellow and does not forgive him should not say at night the wording “I hereby forgive and pardon” that appears in the Bedtime Shema, because that would be speaking falsehood. That sounds reasonable to me. To my great surprise, I saw the words of Rabbi Yitzhak Yosef, who wrote differently based on the Maharsha’s comments in tractate Yoma. The Talmud there says that a Torah scholar should overlook offenses against him only when the offender has appeased him. The Maharsha writes on that passage as follows: “And that which we say in the chapter ‘All Sacred Writings,’ ‘I would not lay my head on the pillow until I forgave everyone who distressed me’—that too refers to a case where he had appeased him; and he is saying that even if I was not appeased immediately, nevertheless on that very day, before going to sleep, I was appeased.” End quote.
Rabbi Yitzhak Yosef, as stated, disagreed with Rabbi Ben Zion and said in a lecture about that Maharsha as follows: “Indeed, the Maharsha wrote that before going to sleep one must forgive someone who asked him for forgiveness. But if someone insulted him publicly and did not appease him, by strict Jewish law he does not need to forgive him. And it seems that such a person is not included in the forgiveness one says in the wording ‘I hereby forgive and pardon’; rather, only regarding the others whom one must forgive does he say ‘I hereby forgive and pardon.’ Therefore one may say this wording even if he still harbors resentment toward someone and has not forgiven him.” End quote.
I can sort of force his words into the Maharsha, but it really does not seem to me to be his intent; on the contrary, it seems to me that this actually strengthens the view of Or LaTzion. I thought maybe I was misunderstanding, so I told myself I’d ask someone wise.
So regarding this whole discussion: is Rabbi Yitzhak mistaken in his understanding of the Maharsha?
And also, what do you think about the question itself: is there a problem with saying the wording “I hereby forgive and pardon” in the Bedtime Shema when I do not really forgive everyone?

Answer

I don’t know why the Maharsha is needed here, and why should I care who interpreted him correctly and who didn’t. If you do not forgive someone, you cannot say that you forgive everyone who harmed you. If you do not forgive, say that you forgive everyone except so-and-so, or except anyone who does not deserve to be forgiven.
It seems there is some evidence for this from the fact that there are people whom you are not obligated to forgive. If there were no such people, there would be no need to ask forgiveness from others, because we could presume that everyone forgives everybody before going to sleep.

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