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Q&A: Moral Sense

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This is an English translation (via GPT-5.4). Read the original Hebrew version.

Moral Sense

Question

Hello Rabbi,
I work in an accounting office, a standard 9-hour workday.
The method of receiving pay is such that you enter hours on the projects you worked on. In other words, if I worked 9 hours in a day and entered only 4 hours, I’ll get paid for 4 hours and the other 5 hours will be deducted from my vacation time (paid, but only up to the legal maximum).
I ended up talking with two colleagues in the office who handle this differently: one friend calculates every moment he works and indeed enters hours only for projects he actually worked on during the day. So for example, if he went to make coffee for 5 minutes or spoke with a friend in the office for 15 minutes, from his perspective he doesn’t deserve pay for that and he’s willing to absorb that loss.
 
On the other hand, there’s another friend who says that from his point of view, the coffee and the occasional chatting are also part of the job, so he enters that time to projects as well. It comes out that the client is also paying for his coffee break.
The first friend explains this by saying that his moral sense doesn’t feel right about it, so he doesn’t enter those hours, but the second friend says he doesn’t think there’s any problem here, because nowhere in the labor market do people allocate all their hours only to pure work, and coffee breaks and conversation (within reasonable limits, in his view) are part of the job.
 
I found myself wondering which of the two is right.
And even more: is one of their moral senses too “sensitive,” or maybe too “dull”? And of course the broader question is how I can rely on my moral sense to tell me what the right thing to do is in the moment, when you can see that it varies from person to person.
 
Thank you very much

Answer

It’s hard for me to answer questions like these. The employer has to decide this. If there is a norm accepted by every reasonable person in the field, one can act accordingly. If a specific client is being billed for those hours, that is more problematic, and in my opinion such breaks should not be at the client’s expense. Breaks are at the employer’s expense, and let him settle accounts with the clients.

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