Thank you, Rabbi, for the answer.
Does this also apply if most of the workers and owners are Jews?
What if the Jewish company pays interest but I do not hold the company’s bonds?
Is it permitted to hold the company’s bonds in a case where it pays interest?

Yes. I didn’t understand the last two questions.

Thank you for the previous response. I would now like to sharpen the first two questions with a few additional points:
Previously I asked from the angle of Sabbath violation; now I am asking from the angle of interest.
1) Shareholder in a company that pays interest
If I hold shares in an Israeli company that issues bonds and pays interest, is there a halakhic problem in merely holding the share, even though I do not hold the bonds?
2) Purchasing bonds without a heter iska
Is it permitted to purchase bonds of an Israeli company that does not have a heter iska, assuming it is a limited liability company?

An additional question:
3) Investing in an index / ETF of internet companies (more than 50% of profit from the internet)
Suppose there is a fund that tracks an index investing in companies of which more than 50% of their profits come from internet activity; most of the companies have beneficial activity, but one of the components is a pornographic website:
• Is it permitted to buy the fund when the prohibited component is a negligible minority?
• Must the investor check, with each purchase/holding, the full list of companies in the index (which changes frequently), and if so, what is the scope of that obligation to check?

I don’t understand this well enough to answer. Ask someone more knowledgeable about it.