Question

With God’s help,
Hello Honorable Rabbi,
Quite often one hears conspiratorial claims coming from the more subversive corners around us, and even from the more polished ones (from the ’70s).
Starting with the claim that no human ever landed on the moon—otherwise where did the wind come from?—and going all the way to claims that there is not really any democracy in the countries of the world. Rather, those who rule are a closed, elitist, money-grubbing group. So the elections people make are like in Syria. And in any case we can never really count all the ballot boxes in a country, so the group at the top only wants to give the little citizen at the bottom a democratic feeling.
Of course, any such theory can be tweaked a bit so that it fits all the facts around us, and there you have it—we have created an alternative theory to describe reality.
 
So I wanted to ask the Rabbi: do we have any systematic way to examine the different theories and determine which one is most likely correct? Are there any parameters for this? (And not just various basic conditions for the theory not being ruled out—like the capability and motivation of the hypothesis.)
If it is only a matter of general impression, is there any reason to trust it? After all, a significant part of our impression comes as a result of what we have learned until now about the world. So someone who grew up in an anachronistic environment will probably accept the conspiracy. (From personal acquaintance with someone like that.) So the question still arises whether there is reason to trust such a general impression. Of course I agree that this is the best tool we have, but still…