Answer

It’s not entirely clear to me what these questions are doing here. Clarifying terms is something you do with a dictionary, an online search, or with professionals.
In legal theory, people distinguish between two legal approaches: 1. A positivist approach, according to which the law is supposed to contain mainly rules, and the judge should derive conclusions from them about specific cases that come before him using logical-deductive tools. This is an approach characteristic of German law. 2. A casuistic approach, which makes use of previous cases and relies less on rules, and the judge works mainly by analogy. This characterizes British law (and the Talmud).
I am not familiar with the term “abstract formulation,” beyond its plain literal meaning. The same goes for “detailed lists.”