Q&A: Acceptance of the Babylonian Talmud
Acceptance of the Babylonian Talmud
Question
Hello Rabbi,
Do you think that the necessity of accepting the conclusions of the Babylonian Talmud as the binding basis for halakhic ruling is a principle of faith (part of “thin theology”), or is it essentially just another one of your own reasoned positions as a halakhic decisor, central though it may be?
Does another autonomous halakhic decisor have the option of deciding that this principle does not bind him, or at least does not bind him in some cases?
After all, another decisor could make arguments that dispute your approach. For example, one could argue that the acceptance of the Talmud by all Jewish communities never really happened, similar to the Shulchan Arukh (and as evidence, we know today that the Ethiopian Jewish community did not accept it, and the medieval authorities may not have been aware of that). Or alternatively, one could argue that those who accepted the Talmud accepted it regarding the laws that were practiced in their own time, and they certainly did not intend to obligate our generation to rule according to the Talmud in matters they themselves never imagined would exist in the world, such as electricity, the internet, and organ transplants.
The precise argument is not so important; the question is more one of principle.
Best regards.
Answer
In my opinion, that is correct. What does “necessity” mean? If someone thinks otherwise, he will act otherwise. My view determines things for me, not for him.
I do not think Ethiopian Jewry is relevant to this discussion. It is one small community that was cut off, and it carries no weight relative to the broader public.
Your claim about things that did not exist in their time is not relevant. We use the principles of the Talmud, not its bottom-line rulings, and those principles are what determine the law even regarding new realities. Would you also suggest riding horses today instead of cars? Or perhaps traveling by car on the Sabbath because the Sages did not know what a car was?