Q&A: Faith / Belief
Faith / Belief
Question
In the first two lessons in your YouTube series on faith / belief (an excellent series!), you divided between two types of faith / belief: belief that is merely a subjective report about feelings within a person, and belief that is an objective claim about reality—the claim that God exists.
I want to sharpen something and hope I’ll be clear.
If a person believes that God exists, meaning his mental state is that he believes with all his soul that there is a supernatural being running the world, but that belief is based on subjective feelings—that is, he did not sit down and think and prove God’s existence in a logical and philosophical way, but rather it comes from within him on the basis of some feeling (or on the basis of some intuition that this creation must have a creator, or because of his upbringing, or the trust he places in his parents)—then seemingly he is making a claim about the world. He is claiming that God exists, except that it is indeed based on feelings and inner sensations. Which category does this type of belief belong to?
I think the distinction you made between a report about subjective feelings and a claim about the world is not necessarily precise, because if a person just has religious feelings, or a mystical experience, or feelings of wonder and sublimity, he does not say that he believes. When someone says he is in a state of belief, he is necessarily also claiming that he believes “that God exists,” and therefore he is also saying something about the world even if it comes from a subjective place. A Hasid would also claim that he believes that God exists—that is, he is making a claim about the world. The correct distinction, in my opinion, is what this mental state of belief is based on, and here there is a difference between an intellectual, rational basis and an emotional, experiential basis. The Hasid bases his belief on feeling/experience/intuition.
Answer
The person himself is not always aware of the feeling at the root of it. And of course he can also be mistaken. If a person thinks that God exists, then he believes, even if it is on the basis of emotion. If, in his view, the feeling reflects something in reality (that is, if at its root there is intuition and not merely emotion), then he believes. But someone who is only reporting a religious feeling does not believe.
Clearly, everything ends in a subjective sense that God exists; the whole question is what kind of sense this is: cognition or experience. And if the experience reflects cognition (that is, if the cognition arouses in me an emotion and an experience), then it is cognition.