Question

I found an example of the effect of inclusions and exclusions, even after there is a general statement and a particular statement. For example, in the Jerusalem Talmud (Ma’aserot 1:1):
“You shall surely tithe”—a general statement; “all the produce of your seed”—a general statement, a particular statement, and a general statement; the general statement includes only what is in the particular statement. I would only know grain and legumes; from where do we know more? Scripture says [Leviticus 27:30], “And all the tithe of the land, of the seed of the land, of the fruit of the tree, is the Lord’s”—to include garlic seed, cress, and mustard seed. Or perhaps I should also include the upper part of arum, leek seed, onion seed, turnip and radish seed, and the rest of garden seeds that are not eaten? Scripture therefore says [Leviticus 27:30], “of the seed of the land”—and not all seed of the land. “The fruit of the tree”—to include all tree fruits. Perhaps I should also include the carobs of acacia and tzelmonah and fence-carobs? Scripture therefore says [Leviticus 27:30], “of the fruit of the tree”—and not all the fruits of the tree. [folio 1b] And from where do we know vegetables? Isi ben Yehuda says: tithes for vegetables are of rabbinic origin.
How do we know when the inclusions and exclusions have an effect and when they do not?
 
 
Rabbi Michi: I don’t think they are supposed to have an effect. See Leviticus 11:22, and the passage in Hullin 65–66.
 
Hello and blessings,
In the interpretive rule of particular and general, what do we do when among the particulars there is an exclusion, such as “but only.”
A. Does it affect the general statement, or does it belong to the particular?
B. Perhaps if we learn it by way of exclusion and inclusion, it will have no effect because it appears together with the exclusion.
The case I am unsure about is the impurity of metal vessels:
“But only the gold, and the silver, the copper, the iron, the tin, and the lead: every thing that can go through fire, you shall pass through fire and it shall be clean; yet it must also be purified with the water of sprinkling, and whatever cannot go through fire you shall pass through water” (Numbers 31:22–23).
The particular is the list of metals, and the general statement is “every thing.”
There is the exclusion “but only,” and there are also several inclusory “and the” forms.
 
What do you think about this?