Question

Hello Rabbi,
Is it permissible to eat at McDonald’s without kosher certification? I assume there may be an issue of food cooked by a non-Jew, but perhaps one could say that this is a rabbinic-level doubt, in which case we are lenient (since it is hard to know whether a non-Jew or a Jew cooked the food. Also, most of the food is cooked by secular Jews and not by non-Jews—Arabs, say—at least in places with a Jewish majority. As for the ingredients themselves, such as oil, potatoes, and the meat patties, from what I understand they come from the chain’s central supplier, and it supplies all McDonald’s branches, both kosher and non-kosher ones.
Best regards,