Q&A: Examining the Divine Good
Examining the Divine Good
Question
Judaism claims that God is:
- omnipotent.
- the absolute good.
- the creator of the world.
It would seem to follow from this that there should be no evil in the world, unless such a God simply does not exist. As an answer to the problem of evil, a fairly interesting response is offered. In order to preserve free choice, the world must be free of divine intervention in human actions, and therefore human beings can be evil. This answer does not explain why there is also evil in reality itself, such as tsunamis or earthquakes that kill millions. If I remember correctly, I heard you say somewhere that God does not intervene in reality in such cases either, in order to preserve consistent laws of nature in the world, so that human beings can act in accordance with those laws of nature and within that framework exercise free choice.
And now to the heart of the argument. In my opinion, a God who causes enormous amounts of suffering (the agonizing deaths of vast numbers of animals, including human beings), and even allows human beings to inflict terrible suffering on animals and on other people, all in the name of trying in one way or another to create a model of ‘free choice,’ is an immoral God, certainly not the absolute good. Just so that He can watch from the sidelines as human beings choose of their own free will to do His will, He allows billions of creatures (and many more over the years) to suffer immense suffering? Does that sound like absolute good??
Beyond that, I would be glad to understand why God is indeed the absolute good. As far as I know, this does not follow from the cosmological argument or the physico-theological argument. Does it follow from the ontological argument? Or only from the claim of revelation?
Answer
The claim that He is good can arise from the Bible, and also from the fact that He implanted in us a conscience and a moral obligation. There are also arguments that goodness is part of perfection (though you could also ask how we know that He is perfect).
As for your question, I explained this in all the places where I dealt with the issue (search here on the site for evil in the world, natural evil, human evil).