How do you know how to read science critically and aim for the truth as much as possible?

Hello, I was wondering if you could advise me on how to navigate my way through research books, especially ones that are not exact sciences but rather ones that mix empirical science with the humanities, such as history. I feel that the big problem in these fields is that you have no idea how to write history from the dry findings to the finished book. Then, usually, if the researcher is religious, the picture will be more in the religious direction, and if the researcher is secular, more in the anti-religious direction. You can see this a lot in the difference between what comes out at Bar Ilan and Tel Aviv University. Now, it's hard not to come to a postmodern perception that truth is subjective according to the researcher's world. How do I manage to see in books like this what is proven and what are the researcher's theories?