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Q&A: Reward for an Act Without Intention

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This is an English translation (via GPT-5.4). Read the original Hebrew version.

Reward for an Act Without Intention

Question

Rashi on Leviticus, parashat Vayikra, chapter 5, verse 17
“Scripture says (Deuteronomy 24:19), ‘so that the Lord your God may bless you,’ establishing a blessing for one through whose agency a commandment came about without his knowing it. Say, then: if a sela was tied up in the corner of his garment and fell from him, and a poor person found it and supported himself with it, then the Holy One, blessed be He, grants him a blessing.”
 
What does this mean? He didn’t really do anything.

Answer

Indeed, it’s a difficult question. Maybe this applies only in a case where a coin fell from him, since in the final analysis he is missing the coin and it is being used to support the poor. But not in the case of someone who merely caused a commandment to happen without losing anything from it. Still, it isn’t clear to me.

Discussion on Answer

Oren (2019-02-13)

Maybe this can be explained similarly to someone through whom a sin requiring a guilt-offering came about unknowingly, and even under compulsion, who is liable for an offering, because in the end reality was damaged through him. In the same way, someone through whom reality was improved, even under compulsion and without intention, deserves a blessing.

Anonymous (2019-02-13)

I think the idea of blessing here is something along the lines of “the reward of a commandment is a commandment,” and in parallel, “merit is brought about through one who is worthy.” Meaning, you did well—you did something good, and that itself is a blessing.

Michi (2019-02-13)

Oren, maybe. That’s a kind of spiritual mechanism about which I have no real grasp. You just have to remember that under compulsion there is no offering, meaning that the act in itself is not considered a sin, and therefore on your approach it also should not bring spiritual benefit.

Oren (2019-02-14)

There are offerings that are brought even for acts done under compulsion, for example the nazirite guilt-offering.

Michi (2019-02-14)

With guilt-offerings in general, that is their very nature. See my article:

מהותו של קרבן אשם

Oren (2019-02-14)

Maybe not every commandment involves this, but it’s possible that charity specifically does, because it’s well known that with charity the emphasis is more on the result and less on the intention.

Michi (2019-02-14)

The difference between action-commandments and result-commandments doesn’t seem relevant to me for the question of whether reward is deserved. There is a unique rationale for charity, and I wrote it above.

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