Rabbi, what about the rules of primary and secondary foods?
And regarding “when you are in doubt, recite ‘that by whose word all came to be’ after the fact” — it sounds like you are giving an instruction for how to act from the outset and calling it after the fact. Also, to the best of my knowledge, in a case of doubt about a blessing one is not supposed to recite “that by whose word all came to be”; rather, if a person already recited “that by whose word all came to be” “by mistake” because that is what he thought the blessing was, and afterward it became clear to him that the blessing was different, then after the fact he has fulfilled his obligation and does not need to go back and recite the “correct” blessing. Is that not the Jewish law?
Thank you very much.

No, that is not the Jewish law. As for the interpretations you think you hear between the lines of what I wrote — that is your issue. I said what I had to say. And this is not the place for an encyclopedia of the laws of blessings.

The matter of primary and secondary in blessings was in relation to the questioner’s first question. Could you please address whether this is indeed the Jewish law (that one recites a blessing over the primary item and that exempts the secondary item, without getting into how one determines what is primary and what is secondary), or whether in your view in such a case one really should recite a separate blessing over each component in a mixed food (that is, there is no different law at all for a mixture of foods)?

As for the matter of reciting “that by whose word all came to be” in a case of doubt, if the Jewish law is that this is how one should act, then what exactly is the “after the fact” here? “After the fact” is after one has already acted, no?

Indeed there is no need for an encyclopedia of the laws of blessings; I am only trying to understand the Rabbi’s view on the subject. I did not mean to offend or anything.

Thank you very much.

Who said anything about offense?
When there is a secondary item and a primary item together, like bread with butter or another spread on it, obviously one recites the blessing over the primary item. The question was not about eating them mixed together as one food, but about several different foods. As I wrote, one should recite a blessing over every food one eats, and there is no issue here of primary and secondary unless they are eaten as one food.
The blessing “that by whose word all came to be” works after the fact, and therefore the halakhic decisors wrote that if you do not know what the blessing is, recite “that by whose word all came to be.” Obviously, if one can clarify what the blessing is, one should do so.

From your response, it came across that maybe you thought I was trying to offend or annoy you, and I really did not mean that at all.

As I understand it, the question really was dealing with a case where they are eaten in a mixture:
“What is the rule when eating several foods in a mixture (say, a fruit salad with additions of grain-based foods)? In which cases is it enough to bless only on the primary component according to its category? Are there exceptions?”

As for the blessing “that by whose word all came to be,” could you please give an example of halakhic decisors who ruled that way?

Thank you very much.

When eating salad with grain-based foods, one recites a separate blessing over each one. That is not called “together.” Something that accompanies the bread is “together.”
In the Rema at the end of section 202:
“On all fruits that one knows are the main fruit, one recites ‘Who creates the fruit of the tree’; and on those that are not the main fruit, ‘Who creates the fruit of the ground’; and if he is uncertain whether it is the main fruit or not, ‘Who creates the fruit of the ground’; and if he does not know what it is, he recites ‘that by whose word all came to be’ (Tur).”