Without getting into halakhic detail, which I don't understand. From a glimpse of the partial picture of snippets of Jewish law, from a glimpse at the history of the Jewish people, and from simple logic – anyone needed for the war effort should be drafted.
In our small country, that seems to me to include everyone (in peacetime – maybe even including these days, it seems the army is big enough, but a different day of need may come).
It does make sense that a select group of Torah scholars should receive an exemption (their practical contribution is negligible), like athletes, mutatis mutandis. And maybe also regarding a somewhat larger group of people who truly want to devote themselves to Torah (despite the cynicism, I know many whose entire concern really is Torah – beyond the negligible elite group), one could create a very short track that would prepare them to be on standby, without actually serving in regular service (unlike hesder yeshivas). But that doesn't sound especially practical, because anyone for whom Torah is not such an important value won't agree to the inequality: "So maybe painters also shouldn't be drafted?"
It seems to me we've already seen this movie.

If there is a column like that, it will probably be one of the most popular ones ever published on the site.